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標題: 華興數控97T/98T/320Ti/330Ti數控系統使用說明書 [打印本頁]
作者: dami 時間: 2023-2-14 11:21
標題: 華興數控97T/98T/320Ti/330Ti數控系統使用說明書
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97T/98T/320Ti/330Ti是南京華興數控技術有限公司集十多年數控系統開發經驗， 在原有多代成熟產品的基礎上， 推出的新一代高性能車床用數控系統。 系統采用超大規模可編程邏輯電路方案， 具有更高的加工控制品質和系統升級空間。 系統可控制數字式交流伺服驅動器及三相細分步進驅動器； 系統的電子齒輪功能使得系統可與任意螺距絲杠直聯； 螺距補償功能使機床的精度檢驗大為簡化； 顯示采用 7.4″ 液晶屏彩色顯示或 16 級灰度顯示， 具有加工零件圖形實時跟蹤顯示以及坐標字符顯示的功能， 界面設計更為豐富人性化； 圖形模擬功能更為強大，具有三維立體模擬和二維平面模擬顯示的功能。 系統結構采用整體式工程塑料壓模件， 造型美觀； 便捷的 U 盤接口， 可實現 U 盤與系統間的程序互存， 以及系統在現場升級功能。
本說明書介紹了 97T/98T/320T/330Ti①系統的編程及操作方法， 在使用系統前， 請詳細閱讀本說明書。
1.1 系統指標
1.1.1 主要規格
脈沖當量 ： X：0.001mm Z：0.001mm Y：0.001mm
聯動 / 控制軸數 ： 2/2， 2/3
編程范圍 ： － 99999.999 ～ +99999.999mm
快進速度 ： 60000mm/min（ 0.001mm 當量）
程序容量 ： 電子盤 2M 字節， 可存儲 200 個程序文件
編程方式 ： ISO 代碼、 系統鍵盤錄入、 USB 接口錄入、 RS232 串行口錄入
插補 ： 直線， 圓弧， 公、 英制、 直/錐、 多頭/單頭螺紋、 公英制功絲
電子齒輪比 ： 16 位： 16 位
螺距補償 ： 160 點/軸， 各控制軸均可補償
顯示 ： 具有同步字符顯示界面和圖形界面
圖形模擬 ： 三維和平面圖形模擬
系統升級功能 ： 通過 U 盤可以快捷地進行系統升級， 無須打開機箱
1.1.2 系統資源
顯 示 ： 7.4″ 液晶屏， 640× 480 點陣， 彩色顯示或 16 級灰度
電子盤 ： 2MB 閃存， 保存用戶程序及參數文件
輸入信號 ： 40 路開關量， 光電隔離
手輪接口 ： 2 路， × 1、 × 10、 × 100 倍率
主軸編碼器接口 ： 1 路， 四倍頻處理
進給倍率開關 ： 倍率范圍： 10% ～ 300%
主軸倍率開關 ： 倍率范圍： 10% ～ 300%
輸出信號 ： 24 路開關量。
其中 18 路繼電器功率驅動輸出和 6 路繼電器觸點輸出
X、 Z 兩個方向電機驅動信號（ CP、 CW） 脈沖輸出
一路 8 位模擬量輸出， 輸出范圍： 0－ 5V 或 0－ 10V
U S B 接 口② ： 外接 U 盤存儲器讀寫加工程序或升級系統控制軟件
串行口 ： RS232C 異步串行口
①320Ti/330Ti 是 V1.4 以上主板的系統
②U 盤接口支持大多數 U 盤， 但不能保證支持所有的 U 盤。 U 盤文件格式必須是 FAT 格式， 使用USB1.1/USB2.0 協議。
目錄
安全使用說明···················································································································0-1
一般性警告及注意事項.........................................................................................................0-1
有關編程的警告說明 ............................................................................................................. 0-1
有關操作的警告說明 ............................................................................................................. 0-2
第一章 系統概述 ············································································································1-1
1.1 系統指標.......................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.1 主要規格............................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.2 系統資源............................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 坐標系規定...................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.2.1 相對于靜止的工件而運動的原則 ....................................................................... 1-2
1.2.2 標準坐標系的規定 ...............................................................................................1-2
1.2.3 機床上坐標軸正方向的規定 ............................................................................... 1-2
1.2.3.1 Z 坐標運動 ........................................................................................................ 1-2
1.2.3.2 X 坐標動運........................................................................................................ 1-2
1.2.4 機床坐標系 ........................................................................................................... 1-2
1.2.5 工件坐標系 ........................................................................................................... 1-3
1.3 面板與按鍵...................................................................................................................... 1-4
1.3.1 系統面板布局 ....................................................................................................... 1-4
1.3.2 按鍵分類及定義 ...................................................................................................1-6
1.3.2.1 主功能鍵盤區.................................................................................................... 1-6
1.3.2.2 子功能鍵盤區.................................................................................................... 1-6
1.3.2.3 編輯鍵盤區........................................................................................................ 1-7
1.3.2.4 副面板操作鍵盤區............................................................................................1-8
1.4 開機................................................................................................................................ 1-10
第二章 系統編程 ············································································································2-1
2.1 程序段格式...................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.1 宏變量................................................................................................................... 2-2
2.2 準備功能(G 功能) ........................................................................................................... 2-3
2.2.1 G00— — 快速定位................................................................................................. 2-4
2.2.2 G01──直線插補................................................................................................. 2-5
2.2.3 G02──順圓插補................................................................................................. 2-5
2.2.4 G03——逆圓插補................................................................................................. 2-6
2.2.5 G04——延時.........................................................................................................2-6
2.2.6 G09——進給準停................................................................................................. 2-6
2.2.7 G20— — 子程序調用 ............................................................................................. 2-6
2.2.8 G22— — 子程序定義 ............................................................................................. 2-7
2.2.9 G24— — 子程序結束返回 ..................................................................................... 2-7
2.2.10 G25——跳轉移加工 ........................................................................................... 2-7
2.2.11 G26——轉移加工(程序內部子程序調用)......................................................... 2-8
2.2.12 G27——無限循環 ...............................................................................................2-8
2.2.13 G30——放大縮小倍率取消 ............................................................................... 2-8
2.2.14 G31——放大或縮小倍率 ................................................................................... 2-9
2.2.15 G33/G34— — 公/英制單刀螺紋循環.................................................................. 2-9
2.2.16 G40-G42——刀尖半徑補償............................................................................... 2-9
2.2.17 G54——撤消零點偏置， 恢復工作坐標系 ....................................................... 2-9
2.2.18 G55——絕對零點偏置 ....................................................................................... 2-9
2.2.19 G56——增量零點偏置 ..................................................................................... 2-10
2.2.20 G57——當前點偏置 ......................................................................................... 2-10
2.2.21 G61——當前段與后續加工段連續清角 ......................................................... 2-10
2.2.22 G62——當前段快速清角指令 ......................................................................... 2-10
2.2.23 G64——取消清角過渡 ..................................................................................... 2-11
2.2.24 G71——內(外)徑切削復合循環....................................................................... 2-11
2.2.25 G72— — 端面切削復合循環 ............................................................................. 2-12
2.2.26 G73——封閉輪廓復合循環 ............................................................................. 2-14
2.2.27 G74——返回參考點(機械原點)....................................................................... 2-15
2.2.28 G75——以機床坐標返回加工開始位置 ......................................................... 2-15
2.2.29 G76——從當前位置返回加工起始點（ 進刀點） ......................................... 2-15
2.2.30 G79──公制端面螺紋循環 ............................................................................. 2-15
2.2.35 G80──英制端面螺紋循環 ............................................................................. 2-15
2.2.31 G81——外圓（ 內圓） 固定循環 ..................................................................... 2-15
2.2.32 G82──端面固定循環 ..................................................................................... 2-17
2.2.33 G83──深孔加工循環 ..................................................................................... 2-19
2.2.34 G84──公制剛性攻絲循環 ............................................................................. 2-20
2.2.36 G85──英制剛性攻絲循環 ............................................................................. 2-22
2.2.37 G86──公制螺紋循環 ..................................................................................... 2-22
2.2.38 G87──英制螺紋循環 ..................................................................................... 2-27
2.2.39 G90——絕對值方式編程 ................................................................................. 2-27
2.2.40 G91——增量方式編程 ..................................................................................... 2-27
2.2.41 G92——設定工件坐標系 ................................................................................. 2-28
2.2.42 G96— — 恒線速切削 ......................................................................................... 2-28
2.2.43 G97— — 取消恒線速切削 ................................................................................. 2-28
2.2.44 G98— — 取消每轉進給 ..................................................................................... 2-28
2.2.45 G99— — 設定每轉進給 ..................................................................................... 2-28
2.3 輔助功能（M 功能） ................................................................................................... 2-28
2.3.1 M00——程序暫停 .............................................................................................. 2-29
2.3.2 M01——條件暫停 .............................................................................................. 2-29
2.3.3 M02——程序結束 .............................................................................................. 2-29
2.3.4 M03——主軸正轉 .............................................................................................. 2-29
2.3.5 M04——主軸反轉 .............................................................................................. 2-30
2.3.6 M05——主軸停止 .............................................................................................. 2-30
2.3.7 M08——開冷卻液 .............................................................................................. 2-31
2.3.8 M09——關冷卻液 .............................................................................................. 2-31
2.3.9 M10/M11—主軸夾緊松開控制.......................................................................... 2-31
2.3.10 M12/M13 主軸高速檔繼電器開/關.................................................................. 2-31
2.3.11 M20——開指定的繼電器 ................................................................................ 2-31
2.3.12 M21——關指定的繼電器 ................................................................................ 2-31
2.3.13 M24——人為指定刀補號 ................................................................................ 2-32
2.3.14 M25——等待換刀結束 .................................................................................... 2-32
2.3.15 M41~M44——指定主軸轉速檔 ....................................................................... 2-32
2.3.16 M28/M29——主軸的速度/位置模式............................................................... 2-32
2.3.17 M71~M78——M 功能脈沖輸出 ...................................................................... 2-32
2.4 F、 S、 T 功能................................................................................................................. 2-32
2.4.1 F——進給功能.................................................................................................... 2-32
2.4.2 S——主軸轉速控制............................................................................................ 2-32
2.4.2.1——主軸帶變頻電機 ........................................................................................ 2-32
2.4.2.2——數字量控制主軸運轉 ................................................................................ 2-33
2.4.3 T——刀具功能.................................................................................................... 2-33
2.4.3.1 T——功能格式................................................................................................. 2-33
2.4.3.2——刀號與刀補號............................................................................................ 2-33
2.4.3.3——加工中修改刀補 ........................................................................................ 2-33
2.4.3.3——刀補表 ........................................................................................................ 2-34
2.4.3.4——電動刀架的功能動作順序........................................................................ 2-34
第三章 系統操作 ············································································································3-1
3.1 操作加工界面及其各子功能的定義 ..............................................................................3-1
3.1.1 操作加工主功能顯示界面介紹 ........................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1.1 字符顯示模式.................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1.2 圖形顯示模式.................................................................................................... 3-3
3.1.2 操作加工主功能下各子功能的定義及介紹 ....................................................... 3-4
3.1.2.1 手動連續進給.................................................................................................... 3-4
3.1.2.2 點動增量進給.................................................................................................... 3-4
3.1.2.3 手輪連續進給.................................................................................................... 3-4
3.1.2.4 自動循環加工.................................................................................................... 3-4
3.1.2.5 MDI 方式............................................................................................................ 3-4
3.2 機床坐標手動移動.......................................................................................................... 3-5
3.2.1 手動方式(手動連續進給) ....................................................................................3-5
3.2.2 點動方式(點動連續進給) ....................................................................................3-5
3.2.3 手輪方式(手輪連續進給) ....................................................................................3-5
3.2.4 主軸與冷卻 ........................................................................................................... 3-6
3.3 自動循環.......................................................................................................................... 3-6
3.3.1 打開程序................................................................................................................ 3-6
3.3.2 啟動自動循環 ....................................................................................................... 3-7
3.3.3 任意段號處啟動加工 ........................................................................................... 3-7
3.3.4 自動循環的狀態設置 ........................................................................................... 3-7
3.3.4.1 在自動循環子功能下， 有兩種與機床數控系統有關的狀態設置 ................ 3-7
3.3.4.2 暫停....................................................................................................................3-8
3.3.4.3 執行自動循環加工的一般步驟........................................................................ 3-8
3.4 回零操作及坐標系重建.................................................................................................. 3-8
3.4.1 回機床零操作介紹 ...............................................................................................3-9
3.4.1.1 返回機械零功能（G74） 的使用 ..................................................................... 3-9
3.4.2 返回進刀點(G75)功能 ....................................................................................... 3-10
3.4.3 返回進刀點功能（G76） .................................................................................. 3-10
3.5 圖形功能使用及刀具選擇............................................................................................ 3-10
3.5.1 快速實現一個圖形模擬顯示 ............................................................................. 3-10
3.5.2 圖形顯示模擬刀具相關設置 ............................................................................. 3-11
3.5.2.1 刀具形狀的設置.............................................................................................. 3-11
3.5.2.2 對各個示意刀具的大小比例調整.................................................................. 3-12
3.6 對刀過程實現及機床刀具的應用................................................................................ 3-12
第四章 參數管理 ············································································································4-1
4.1 參數管理主界面簡介......................................................................................................4-1
4.1.1 參數體系............................................................................................................... 4-1
4.1.2 初始化操作 ........................................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.3 當前參數與備份參數的區別 ............................................................................... 4-2
4.1.4 在參數界面下軟復位的使用 ............................................................................... 4-2
4.2 刀具參數.......................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.2.1 換刀時刀補的原理 ...............................................................................................4-2
4.2.2 刀具參數的設定和顯示步驟概述 ....................................................................... 4-3
4.2.3 建立刀補的方法及步驟 ....................................................................................... 4-3
4.2.3.1 X 向、 Z 向單獨記憶對刀.................................................................................. 4-3
4.2.3.2 X 向、 Z 向同時記憶對刀.................................................................................. 4-4
4.2.4 刀補修調（ 刀具磨損補償） ............................................................................... 4-4
4.2.5 直接輸入刀補值 ...................................................................................................4-5
4.3 系統參數（P 參數） ....................................................................................................... 4-5
4.3.1 基本概念............................................................................................................... 4-5
4.3.1.1 加減速時間常數 ................................................................................................ 4-5
4.3.1.2 加速度 ................................................................................................................ 4-5
4.3.1.3 電子齒輪比 ........................................................................................................ 4-6
4.3.1.4 加減速時間常數 ................................................................................................ 4-6
4.3.2 系統參數的查看與設定 ....................................................................................... 4-6
4.4 位參數.............................................................................................................................. 4-7
4.4.1 位參數的查看和設定 ........................................................................................... 4-7
4.5 螺距補償.......................................................................................................................... 4-7
4.5.1 螺距補償的查看和設定步驟 ............................................................................... 4-7
4.5.2 螺距誤差補償須注意的問題 ............................................................................... 4-7
4.5.3 螺距誤差補償舉例 ...............................................................................................4-8
4.6 初始化.............................................................................................................................. 4-8
4.6.1 清內存....................................................................................................................4-8
4.6.2 格式化 ................................................................................................................... 4-8
4.6.3 修改密碼............................................................................................................... 4-9
4.6.4 出廠值 ................................................................................................................... 4-9
4.6.4.1 如何恢復參數的出廠值 ....................................................................................4-9
4.6.4.2 如何備份參數.................................................................................................... 4-9
4.6.4.3 如何將備份參數文件恢復成當前參數文件 .................................................. 4-10
4.6.4.4 如何把當前參數導出到 U 盤 ......................................................................... 4-10
4.6.4.5 如何從 U 盤中導入參數文件......................................................................... 4-10
4.6.5 時間設置............................................................................................................. 4-11
4.7 診斷................................................................................................................................ 4-11
4.7.1 輸入口 ................................................................................................................. 4-11
4.7.2 輸出口.................................................................................................................. 4-11
4.7.3 主軸轉速和主軸編碼器 ..................................................................................... 4-12
4.7.4 手脈編碼器 ......................................................................................................... 4-12
4.7.5 報警定義............................................................................................................. 4-12
4.7.5.1 設置步驟.......................................................................................................... 4-12
4.7.5.2 使用舉例.......................................................................................................... 4-13
4.7.6 報警列表............................................................................................................. 4-13
第五章 程序管理 ············································································································5-1
5.1 用戶程序管理簡介.......................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.1 界面說明............................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.2 用戶程序管理基本性能說明 ............................................................................... 5-2
5.2 用戶程序管理.................................................................................................................. 5-2
5.2.1 如何創建、 編輯和修改用戶程序 ....................................................................... 5-2
5.2.1.1 編輯用戶程序.................................................................................................... 5-3
5.2.1.2 修改用戶程序.................................................................................................... 5-4
5.2.2 如何更改用戶程序屬性 ....................................................................................... 5-5
5.2.3 如何刪除用戶程序 ...............................................................................................5-6
5.2.4 如何復制用戶程序 ...............................................................................................5-6
5.2.5 如何瀏覽用戶程序 ...............................................................................................5-6
5.2.6 串行口輸入輸出用戶程序 ................................................................................... 5-7
5.2.6.1 串口輸入............................................................................................................ 5-8
5.2.6.2 串口輸出............................................................................................................ 5-8
5.3 U 盤管理 ........................................................................................................................... 5-9
5.3.1 U 盤管理說明 ........................................................................................................ 5-9
5.3.2 如何進入 U 盤管理界面及界面介紹 .................................................................. 5-9
5.3.3 U 盤文件的選中.................................................................................................. 5-10
5.3.4 如何打開 U 盤文件夾 ........................................................................................ 5-10
5.3.5 如何返回上級目錄 ............................................................................................. 5-10
5.3.6 如何將 U 盤文件存入系統 ................................................................................ 5-11
5.3.7 如何將用戶程序存儲器中的程序存入 U 盤 .................................................... 5-11
5.3.8 如何瀏覽 U 盤文件 ............................................................................................. 5-11
5.3.9 如何刪除 U 盤文件 ............................................................................................ 5-12
5.3.10 如何在 U 盤管理界面下瀏覽用戶程序存儲器中的程序 .............................. 5-12
5.3.11 U 盤管理界面下循環瀏覽用戶程序列表 ........................................................ 5-12
第六章 系統重要功能詳述 ·························································································6-1
6.1 如何提高加工效率...........................................................................................................6-1
6.1.1 除非工藝需要工件的兩段軌跡之間為尖角， 否則盡量不要使用 G61， G62 指令。
如加工的時間常數為 100ms 時， 每條加工程序將節省 0.6~0.8 秒。 ..............6-1
6.1.2 并行執行 S、 T 等指令 .......................................................................................6-1
6.2 加工中修改刀補值...........................................................................................................6-1
6.3 主軸控制...........................................................................................................................6-1
6.3.1 主軸模擬量輸出控制 ............................................................................................6-2
6.3.2 主軸的 M 功能控制..............................................................................................6-2
6.3.3 主軸夾緊卡盤（液壓卡盤） 控制........................................................................6-3
6.3.4 主軸啟動狀態檢測功能........................................................................................6-3
6.3.5 主軸的位置/速度模式 ..........................................................................................6-3
6.4 外部功能控制...................................................................................................................6-4
6.4.1 三位開關................................................................................................................6-4
6.4.2 系統對進給軸的控制............................................................................................6-4
6.4.3 伺服單元與系統應答邏輯....................................................................................6-4
6.4.4 系統對進給軸的脈沖輸出方式............................................................................6-5
6.4.5 軟限位....................................................................................................................6-5
6.4.6 機械零點開關設置................................................................................................6-5
6.4.7 換刀過程................................................................................................................6-6
6.4.8 機床報警處理........................................................................................................6-6
6.5 工件坐標系的產生和恢復...............................................................................................6-8
6.5.1 工件坐標系的產生模式 ........................................................................................6-8
6.5.2 機床坐標及工件坐標的產生................................................................................6-8
6.5.3 與坐系有關的參數選項........................................................................................6-8
6.5.4 坐標變換 G54-G57................................................................................................6-9
6.5.5 加工開始位置設定................................................................................................6-9
6.5.6 刀補修調與刀具偏置............................................................................................6-9
6.6 刀尖半徑補償.................................................................................................................6-10
6.6.1 概述 .....................................................................................................................6-10
6.6.2 刀尖的相位定義..................................................................................................6-10
6.6.3 刀具參數表 ..........................................................................................................6-11
6.6.4 刀尖補償的軌跡方向定義..................................................................................6-11
6.6.5 刀補建立與撤銷過程..........................................................................................6-11
第七章 系統連接··········································································································7-1
7.1 系統結構...........................................................................................................................7-1
7.1.1 系統組成..............................................................................................................7-1
7.1.2 結構安裝尺寸......................................................................................................7-2
7.1.3 外部接口定義......................................................................................................7-3
7.1.4 輸出信號對照表..................................................................................................7-7
7.1.5 輸入信號對照表..................................................................................................7-8
7.2 數控系統強電供電...........................................................................................................7-9
7.2.1 安裝要求..............................................................................................................7-9
7.2.2 強電供電..............................................................................................................7-9
7.2.3 接地......................................................................................................................7-9
7.2.4 強電安裝中注意事項..........................................................................................7-9
7.3 數控系統內部連接.........................................................................................................7-10
7.3.1 輸入、 輸出示意圖..............................................................................................7-10
7.4 數控系統信號接口定義.................................................................................................7-11
7.4.1 數控系統外部連接..............................................................................................7-11
7.4.2 主軸控制接口 8J1 ...............................................................................................7-11
7.4.3 串行通信接口 7J1 ...............................................................................................7-13
7.4.4 刀架接口 5J1 .......................................................................................................7-13
7.4.5 電機接口 4J0、 4J1、 4J2、 4J3 ..........................................................................7-15
7.4.6 輸入/輸出接口 5J2..............................................................................................7-22
7.4.7 主軸編碼器接口 6J1 ...........................................................................................7-23
7.4.8 外接手輪接口 5J3 ...............................................................................................7-24
7.4.9 外接啟動急停暫停接口 5J5 ...............................................................................7-25
7.4.10 擴展輸入輸出接口 5J5.....................................................................................7-26
附錄一 出錯報警 ·········································································································F1-1
附錄二 系統參數一覽表·····························································································F2-1
附錄三 位參數 ·············································································································F3-1
附錄四 系統界面一覽 ·································································································F4-1
附錄五 系統升級 ·········································································································F5-1
1.系統軟件升級.................................................................................................................... F5-1
1.1 何時需要升級系統軟件........................................................................................ F5-1
1.2 如何獲取升級軟件................................................................................................ F5-1
1.3 如何進入系統升級界面或下載用戶圖片界面 .................................................... F5-1
1.4 如何通過 U 盤進行系統升級 ............................................................................... F5-1
2. 用戶開機界面更新.......................................................................................................... F5-2
2.1 用戶如何編輯自己的開機界面 ............................................................................ F5-2
2.2 如何通過 U 盤更新用戶界面 ................................................................................ F5-2
附錄六 串口 DNC 加工 ······························································································F6-1
1. 使用本公司的通訊軟件 SingleComm 進行串口 DNC 加工......................................... F6-1
1.1 如何獲取通訊軟件................................................................................................ F6-1
1.2 串口線的連接........................................................................................................ F6-1
1.3 系統端的操............................................................................................................ F6-1
1.4 通訊參數的設置.................................................................................................... F6-1
1.5 選擇加工程序........................................................................................................ F6-1
1.6 發送程序， 啟動 DNC 加工.................................................................................. F6-2
2. 使用第三方提供的串行通訊軟件進行 DNC 加工........................................................ F6-2
附錄七 編程實例 ·········································································································F7-1
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