倍福 TwinCAT PLC 編程手冊 中文版 下載

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TwinCAT PLC 編程手冊（更新版）.pdf (12.45 MB, 售價: 5 E幣)

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目 錄
1 TwinCAT PLC Control 簡介 ........................................................................ 1
1.1 引言.......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 項目組件.................................................................................................. 3
1.3 編程語言................................................................................................ 10
1.3.1 編程語言 .........................................................................................................10
1.3.2 指令表(IL).........................................................................................................12
1.3.3 結構化文本(ST)................................................................................................13
概述....................................................................................................................................14
FOR循環(huán)..............................................................................................................................14
REPEAT 循環(huán).......................................................................................................................15
WHILE 循環(huán) ........................................................................................................................15
IF 指令 ...............................................................................................................................16
CASE 指令...........................................................................................................................16
RETURN（返回）指令 .....................................................................................................17
EXIT 指令 ...........................................................................................................................17
1.3.4 順序功能圖（SFC） .......................................................................................17
1.3.5 功能塊圖（FBD）...........................................................................................21
1.3.6 連續(xù)功能圖編輯器（CFC）...........................................................................21
1.3.7 梯形圖（LD）..................................................................................................22
1.4 調試，聯機功能................................................................................... 24
1.5 IEC 61131-3............................................................................................. 26
2 例程 ......................................................................................................... 27
2.1 樣例程序................................................................................................ 27
3 分類介紹 ............................................................................................36
3.1 主窗口.................................................................................................... 36
3.2 選項........................................................................................................ 38
3.3 項目管理 ............................................................................................... 62
3.4 對象........................................................................................................ 84
.................
........
3.5 編輯功能................................................................................................ 97
3.6 聯機功能 ..............................................................................................102
3.7 窗口 ......................................................................................................111
3.8 幫助系統(tǒng)...............................................................................................111
3.9 日志.......................................................................................................112
4 編輯器 .......................................................................................... 114
4.1 概述.......................................................................................................114
4.2 聲明編輯器 ..........................................................................................116
4.3 文本編輯器 ..........................................................................................128
4.4 指令表編輯器 ......................................................................................132
4.5 結構化文本編輯器 .............................................................................134
4.6 圖形編輯器 .........................................................................................135
4.7 功能塊圖編輯器 .................................................................................137
4.8 梯形圖編輯器 .....................................................................................142
4.9 連續(xù)功能圖編輯器(CFC) .....................................................................147
4.10 順序功能圖編輯器 .............................................................................159
5 資源....... .......................................................................................... 168
5.1 概述.......................................................................................................168
5.2 全局變量...............................................................................................169
5.3 報警配置...............................................................................................173
5.3.1 概述................................................................................................................173
5.3.2 報警系統(tǒng)........................................................................................................173
5.3.3 報警類............................................................................................................174
5.3.4 報警組............................................................................................................178
5.3.5 報警保薦 .......................................................................................................179
5.3.6 'Extras'菜單：Settings....................................................................................180
5.4 PLC 配置 ...............................................................................................182
5.5 任務配置...............................................................................................183
5.6 抽樣跟蹤...............................................................................................186
5.7 Watch and Receipt Manager（監(jiān)視和接收管理器）.........................191
...........
................
6 庫管理 ..............................................................................................194
6.1 庫管理器...............................................................................................194
7 工程接口（ENI）...........................................................................................196
7.1 概述.......................................................................................................196
8 可視化 .......................................................................................... 199
8.1 簡介.......................................................................................................199
8.2 可視化編輯 ..........................................................................................201
8.2.1 概述................................................................................................................201
8.2.2 創(chuàng)建一個新的可視化...................................................................................202
8.2.3 插入可視化單元 ...........................................................................................202
8.2.4 可視化單元布局 ...........................................................................................206
8.2.5 配置可視化....................................................................................................209
8.2.5.1 概述................................................................................................................... 209
8.2.5.2 配置可視化單元...................................................................................................209
8.2.5.3 配置表格 ..............................................................................................................228
8.2.5.4 報警表配置 ..........................................................................................................238
8.2.5.5 運行時的各種特殊輸入.......................................................................................249
8.2.5.6 配置可視化對象...................................................................................................251
8.3 語言轉換 ..............................................................................................255
8.3.1 可視化界面中的語言轉換...........................................................................255
8.3.2 靜態(tài) ...............................................................................................................256
8.3.2.1 靜態(tài)語言轉換 ................................................................................................. 256
8.3.3 動態(tài)................................................................................................................257
8.3.3.1 動態(tài)語言的轉換 ............................................................................................. 257
8.3.3.2 配置.................................................................................................................. 258
8.3.3.3 用于動態(tài)文本的XML文件.............................................................................. 259
8.3.4 通過可視化單元調用在線語言幫助..........................................................261
8.4 占位符概念 .........................................................................................263
8.4.1 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 263
..............
...........
8.5 聯機模式...............................................................................................265
8.5.1 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 265
8.6 庫 ........................................................................................................266
8.6.1 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 266
8.7 TwinCAT PLC HMI Visualization .............................................................267
8.7.1 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 267
8.7.2 安裝、啟動和操作 ............................................................................................ 267
8.8 目標可視化 ..........................................................................................269
8.8.1 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 269
8.8.2 有關TwinCAT可視化的特征概述 ...................................................................... 269
8.8.3 要求 ..................................................................................................................... 271
8.8.4 創(chuàng)建目標可視化................................................................................................. 271
8.8.5 啟動目標可視化................................................................................................. 274
8.8.6 查詢鼠標點擊和動態(tài)文本................................................................................ 275
8.8.7 限制 ..................................................................................................................... 276
8.9 系統(tǒng)變量...............................................................................................278
8.9.1 概述 ..................................................................................................................... 278
9 附錄 .......................................................................................... 279
9.1 使用鍵盤...............................................................................................279
9.2 編譯錯誤...............................................................................................283
9.3 命令行/命令文件命令.........................................................................305
9.4 數據類型...............................................................................................310
9.4.1 概述 .................................................................................................................... 310
9.4.2 標準數據類型 .................................................................................................... 311
BOOL................................................................................................................................................311
BYTE ...............................................................................................................................................312
WORD .............................................................................................................................................312
DWORD ...........................................................................................................................................312
SINT ................................................................................................................................................312
USINT ..............................................................................................................................................312
INT ..................................................................................................................................................312
...........
UINT ................................................................................................................................................313
DINT ................................................................................................................................................313
UDINT .............................................................................................................................................313
REAL ...............................................................................................................................................313
LREAL ..............................................................................................................................................313
STRING ............................................................................................................................................313
TIME ...............................................................................................................................................314
TIME_OF_DAY ................................................................................................................................314
DATE ...............................................................................................................................................314
DATE_AND_TIME ............................................................................................................................314
9.4.3 用戶數據類型 ....................................................................................................................315
數組 .............................................................................................................................................315
指針 .............................................................................................................................................316
枚舉（ENUM）..............................................................................................................................316
結構（STRUCT） ..........................................................................................................................317
參考類型（別名） ......................................................................................................................319
子范圍類型 ...................................................................................................................................319
9.5 操作符...................................................................................................321
9.5.1 概述 .................................................................................................................... 321
9.5.2 IEC 操作符概述 .................................................................................................. 321
9.5.3 數值運算符......................................................................................................... 324
ABS ..................................................................................................................................................324
ACOS................................................................................................................................................325
ASIN.................................................................................................................................................325
ATAN................................................................................................................................................325
COS..................................................................................................................................................325
EXP ..................................................................................................................................................325
EXPT ................................................................................................................................................325
LN ....................................................................................................................................................326
LOG..................................................................................................................................................326
SIN...................................................................................................................................................326
SQRT ................................................................................................................................................326
TAN..................................................................................................................................................326
9.5.4 算術運算符......................................................................................................... 327
ADD .................................................................................................................................................327
MUL ................................................................................................................................................327
SUB..................................................................................................................................................327
DIV ..................................................................................................................................................328
MOD ...............................................................................................................................................328
9.5.5 位運算符............................................................................................................. 330
AND ................................................................................................................................................330
OR ...................................................................................................................................................330
XOR .................................................................................................................................................330
NOT .................................................................................................................................................331
9.5.6 位移操作符 .........................................................................................................................331
SHL ..................................................................................................................................................331
SHR .................................................................................................................................................332
ROL .................................................................................................................................................333
ROR .................................................................................................................................................334
9.5.7 選擇運算符 .........................................................................................................................335
SEL ..................................................................................................................................................335
MAX ................................................................................................................................................336
MIN .................................................................................................................................................336
LIMIT ...............................................................................................................................................337
MUX ................................................................................................................................................337
9.5.8 比較運算符 .........................................................................................................................337
GT ...................................................................................................................................................337
LT ....................................................................................................................................................338
LE ....................................................................................................................................................338
GE....................................................................................................................................................339
EQ ...................................................................................................................................................339
NE ...................................................................................................................................................340
9.5.9 地址操作符 .........................................................................................................................340
INDEXOF .........................................................................................................................................340
SIZEOF .............................................................................................................................................340
ADR (地址操作符) ........................................................................................................................341
Attention: ........................................................................................................................................341
ADRINST(程序地址操作符) ..........................................................................................................341
^ (內容操作符)..............................................................................................................................341
CAL (調用操作符) .........................................................................................................................341
BITADR ............................................................................................................................................341
9.5.10 類型轉換操作符................................................................................................................342
BOOL_TO 轉換 ..............................................................................................................................342
TO_BOOL 轉換 ...............................................................................................................................342
STRING_TO 轉換.............................................................................................................................342
TO_STRING 轉換.............................................................................................................................343
TIME_TO 轉換 ...............................................................................................................................343
DATE_TO 轉換 ................................................................................................................................343
TOD_TO 轉換..................................................................................................................................343
DT_TO 轉換.....................................................................................................................................344
REAL_TO-/LREAL_TO 轉換..............................................................................................................344
整型數類型之間的轉換 ..............................................................................................................344
TRUNC .............................................................................................................................................345
9.6 操作數 ........................................................................................................346
9.6.1 常數.....................................................................................................................................346
BOOL 常數......................................................................................................................................346
TIME 常數 ......................................................................................................................................346
DATE 常數.......................................................................................................................................346
TIME_OF_DAY 常數 .......................................................................................................................346
DATE_AND_TIME 常數 ...................................................................................................................347
數值常數 .......................................................................................................................................347
REAL/LREAL常數 ............................................................................................................................347
STRING 常數 ..................................................................................................................................347
類型符 ...........................................................................................................................................348
9.6.2 變量.....................................................................................................................................348
概述 ...............................................................................................................................................348
地址 ...............................................................................................................................................349
內存定位 .......................................................................................................................................349
存取數組、結構和 POU 變量......................................................................................................350
變量的位尋址 ...............................................................................................................................350
Functions（功能）.........................................................................................................................350
9.6.2.1系統(tǒng)標志.....................................................................................................351
概述 ......................................................................................................................................................... 351
SYSTEMINFO ............................................................................................................................................ 351
SYSTEMTASKINFOARR............................................................................................................................... 351
9.7 系統(tǒng)功能 ........................................................................................................352
CheckBounds 功能 .....................................................................................................................................352
CheckDivByte 功能 ....................................................................................................................................353
CheckDivReal 功能 ....................................................................................................................................353
CheckDivWord 功能 ..................................................................................................................................354
CheckDivDWord 功能 ................................................................................................................................355
CheckRangeSigned 功能 ...........................................................................................................................355
CheckRangeUnsigned 功能 .......................................................................................................................357

什么是 TwinCAT PLC Control？
TwinCAT PLC Control 是為 PLC 設計的一種完整的開發(fā)環(huán)境。TwinCAT PLC Control 為 PLC 編程提供了一種簡便的方法，可以自由地處理功能強大的IEC 語言。編輯器和調試功能的使用則基于先進編程語言和已驗證的程序開發(fā)環(huán)境。
TwinCAT PLC Control 概述
一個項目是如何構成的？
一個項目置于一個在項目后期命名的文件內。首先打開一個默認的“Task Configuration（任務配置）”。任務的名字是“Standard（標準）”。在一個新項目中建立的第一個 POU（程序組織單元）將自動地命名為“MAIN（主程序）”。你可以在任務配置中重新命名這個 POU。TwinCAT PLC Control 能夠區(qū)分一個項目中不同類型的對象：POU，數據類型和資源。對象管理器（Object Organizer）包括一個表，該表列出了項目中所有的對象。
怎樣建立項目？
首先，你應該選擇目標系統(tǒng)。然后配置任務。你可以建立解決你的問題所需要的 POU。現在你可以應用所期望的編程語言對你所需要的 POU 進行編程。一旦編程完成，你就可以編譯該項目，并修改可能存在的任何錯誤。
如何測試項目？
一旦已經修改完成所有的錯誤， 聯機 PLC 并將你的項目 “下載” 到 PLC 內。 現在， TwinCAT PLC Control 處于“聯機”模式。測試你的項目是否為正確順序。為此，手動設置輸入變量并觀察輸出是否為期望值。你還可以觀察 POU 中本地變量的數值順序。在“Watch and Receipt Manager（監(jiān)視和接收管理器）”中，你可以配置你想要檢查的數據記錄。
當程序出現錯誤時，你可以設置斷點。如果程序在該斷點處停止，你可以及時在該斷點處檢查項目所有的變量值。并按照順序操作（單步），檢查程序的邏輯正確性。TwinCAT PLC Control 還有另外一種調試功能：你可以設置程序變量以及輸入和輸出為某些值。你可以使用流控制來檢查哪些程序行已經運行。使用“Sampling Trace（抽樣跟蹤）”，可以在擴展的時間范圍內跟蹤和顯示變量的實際變化過程。“Log（日志）”則按時間順序記錄在聯機對話期間的操作、用戶采取的動作和各種內部過程。整個項目可隨時進行文檔化或輸出到一個文本文件。
其它功能
整個項目可隨時進行文檔化或輸出到一個文本文件。也可將它翻譯成其它語言。
ENI：通過 ENI 接口（“工程接口”），可以將編程系統(tǒng)連接到一個外部數據庫。在那里可以存儲創(chuàng)建一個自動化項目過程中所需要的各種數據。外部數據庫的使用保證了數據的一致性，這些數據以后可以被多個用戶、項目和程序所共享。

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